X-Cache-Group

The HTTP X-Cache-Group unofficial response header identifies which cache group a caching proxy assigned to a response. WP Engine's page cache is the primary sender, using the header to expose its device-detection groups.

Usage

WP Engine's Varnish-based page cache stores separate cached copies of each page per device class. The cache inspects the User-Agent request header, assigns the request to a group, and serves the cached variant belonging to the group. The X-Cache-Group header exposes the assignment, making the classification visible for debugging.

Splitting the cache by device class keeps mobile-specific markup from being served to desktop visitors and vice versa. Each group maintains its own cached copy, so a purge or a cache miss in one group leaves the others untouched.

This header is primarily a diagnostic tool. Developers and operators verify device detection is routing responses into the expected group. When a response ends up in the wrong group, the header makes the misclassification visible without needing to inspect the platform's internal configuration.

Values

Values are labels defined by the caching platform. WP Engine's device-detection groups are the dominant set observed in the wild, with normal accounting for the vast majority of responses.

normal

The normal value indicates a desktop request served from the default cache group. This is the most common value by a wide margin.

iphone

The iphone value covers all mobile user agents, and the response came from the mobile cache group. The group name is historical rather than iPhone-specific.

ipad

The ipad value indicates the request was classified as coming from an iPad and served from the iPad cache group.

Crawler grouping

Crawlers do not receive a dedicated group in observed traffic. Live probes show Googlebot Smartphone served the iphone group and desktop Googlebot the normal group, so bot handling depends on configuration rather than a fixed value.

bot-mobile

The bot-mobile value indicates a crawler presenting a mobile User-Agent served from a dedicated mobile-bot group. Live probes show Googlebot Smartphone receiving the plain iphone group instead, so the bot grouping depends on configuration.

mobile-maybe

The mobile-maybe value indicates the User-Agent matched a generic mobile pattern without mapping to a specific device group.

Crawl data shows normal on nearly every observation with iphone as the runner-up. Other platforms define their own site-specific labels for their cache groups.

Example

A desktop page served from WP Engine's page cache carries the normal group. Operators confirm the default cache variant was used.

X-Cache-Group: normal

A request from an iPhone is routed to the device-specific cache group, confirming the platform stores and serves a separate cached copy for iPhone visitors.

X-Cache-Group: iphone
X-Cache: HIT

See also

Last updated: August 18, 2026